File : pdf, 8.01 MB, 535 pages TOC Chapter 1 Introduction Features and Benefits of HDPE Pipe Ductility Visco-Elasticity Summary References Chapter 2 Inspections, Tests and Safety Consideration Introduction Handling and Storage Handling Equipment General Considerations During Installation Inspection and Testing Post Installation Considerations for Post Start-Up and Operation Chapter 3 Engineering Properties Polyethylene Plastics History of Polyethylene Manufacture of Polyethylene Polymer Characteristics Molecular Weight Effect of Molecular Weight Distribution on Properties Mechanical Properties

• Establishing Long-Term Design Properties

• Tensile Creep Curves
• Tensile Creep or Apparent Modulus
• Stress Relaxation
• Simplified Representation of Creep and
• Stress-Relaxation Modulus
• Creep Recovery
• Creep Rupture
• Long-Term Hydrostatic Strength
• Rate Process Method Validation
• Fracture Mechanics
• Cyclic Fatigue Endurance

Short-Term Mechanical Properties

• Tensile Properties

General Physical Properties

• Impact Strength
• Hardness
• Abrasion Resistance
• Permeability
• Thermal Properties

Electrical Properties Flammability and Combustion Toxicit Chemical Resistance Aging Toxicological Properties Chapter 4 Polyethylene Pipe and Fittings Manufacturing Introduction Pipe Extrusion Raw Materials Description Extrusion Line Raw Materials Handling Drying Extrusion Principles Extruders Die Design Pipe Sizing Operation Cooling Pullers Take-off Equipment Saw Equipment and Bundling Fittings Overview Injection Molded Fittings Fabricated Fittings Quality Control/Quality Assurance Testing Chapter 5 Specifications, Test Methods and Codes for Polyethylene Piping Systems Introduction Properties and Classification of Polyethylene Material Material Selection and Specification

• ASTM D-3350 ìStandard Specification for Polyethy
• Plastics Pipe and Fittings Materialsî
• Thermal Stability
• Polyethylene Grade - D 3350
• PPI Designations

Test Methods and Standards for Stress Rating, Dimensioning,Fittings and Joining of Polyethylene Pipe Systems

• Pressure Rating of Polyethylene Pipe
• Dimensioning Systems

Standard Specifications for Fittings and Joinings Codes, Standards and Recommended Practices for Polyethylene Piping Systems

• Plastics Pipe Institute (PPI)
• ASTM
• ISO
• NSF International
• AWWA
• Plumbing Codes
• Other Codes and Standards
• Factory Mutual

Chapter 6 Design of Polyethylene Piping Systems Introduction Section 1 Design for Flow Capacity Pipe ID for Flow Calculations

• Pressure Rating for Pressure Rated Pipes
• Fluid Flow in Polyethylene Piping

• Head Loss in Pipes
• Pipe Deflection Effects
• Head Loss in Fittings
• Head Loss Due to Elevation Change

• Pressure Flow of Water ñ Hazen-Williams
• Surge Considerations
• Pressure Flow of Liquid Slurries
• Compressible Gas Flow
• Gravity Flow of Liquids
• Flow Velocity
• Pipe Surface Condition, Aging

Section 2 Buried PE Pipe Design Introduction Calculations Installation Category #1: Standard Installation-Trench or Embankment Installation Category #2: Shallow Cover Vehicular Loading Installation Category #3: Deep Fill Installation -Radial Earth Pressure Example

• Ring Deflection of Pipes Using Watkins-Gaube Graph
• Watkins ñ Gaube Calculation Technique
• Moore-Selig Equation for Constrained Buckling

in Dry Ground

• Critical Buckling Example

Installation Category #4: Shallow Cover Flotation Effects

• Design Considerations for Ground Water Flotation
• Unconstrained Pipe Wall Buckling (Hydrostatic Buckling)
• Ground Water Flotation Example

Section 3 Thermal Design Considerations Introduction

• Unrestrained Thermal Effects
• End Restrained Thermal Effects
• Above Ground Piping Systems
• Buried Piping Systems

Chapter 7 Underground Installation of Polyethylene Piping Introduction Flexible Pipe Installation Theory Deflection Control Pipe Embedment Materials Terminology of Pipe Embedment Materials Classification and Supporting Strength of Pipe Embedment Materials Installation Procedure Guidelines Inspection References Chapter 8 Above-Ground Applications for Polyethylene Introduction Design Criteria Temperature Chemical Resistance Ultraviolet Exposure Mechanical Impact or Loading Design Methodology Pressure Capability Expansion and Contraction Installation Characteristics On-Grade Installations Restrained Pipelines Supported or Suspended Pipelines Anchor and Support Design Pressure-Testing Chapter 9 Polyethylene Joining Procedures Introduction General Provisions Thermal Heat Fusion Methods

• Butt Fusion
• Optional Bead Removal
• Saddle/Conventional Fusion
• Socket Fusion
• Documenting Fusion
• Heat Fusion Joining of Unlike Polyethylene Pipe

and Fittings Mechanical Connections

• Mechanical Compression Couplings for Small

Diameter Pipes

• Stab Type Mechanical Fittings

Mechanical Bolt Type Couplings for Large Diameter Pipes

• Flanged Connections
• Polyethylene Flange Adapters and Stub Ends
• Flange
• Special Cases
• Mechanical Flange Adapters
• Mechanical Joint (MJ) Adapters
• Transition Fittings

• Mechanical Joint Saddle Fittings

Repair Clamps Other Applications Chapter 10 Marine Installations Introduction The Float-and-Sink Method ñ Basic Design and Installation Steps

• Selection of an Appropriate Pipe Diameter
• Determination of the Required SDR
• Determination of the Required Weighting, and of

the Design and the Spacing of Ballast Weights

• Selection of an Appropriate Site for Staging, Joining and Launching the Pipe
• Preparing the Land-to-Water Transition Zone and,

When Required, the Underwater Bedding

• Assembly of Individual Lengths of Pipe Into Long

Continuous Lengths

• Mounting the Ballasts on the Pipe
• Launching the Pipeline into the Water
• Submersion of the Pipeline Using the Float-and-Sink Method
• Completing the Construction of the Land-to-Water Transition

Post-Installation Survey Other Kinds of Marine Installations Chapter 11 Pipeline Rehabilitation by Sliplining with Polyethylene Pipe Introduction Design Considerations

• Select a Pipe Liner Diameter
• Determine a Liner Wall Thickness
• Determine the Flow Capacity
• Design the Accesses
• Develop the Contract Documents
• The Sliplining Procedure
• Other Rehabilitation Methods

• Swagelining
• Rolldown
• Titeliner
• Fold and Form
• Pipe Bursting
• Pipe Splitting

Chapter 12 Horizontal Directional Drilling Introduction Background Polyethylene Pipe for Horizontal Directional Drilli Horizontal Directional Drilling Process Geotechnical Investigation Product Design: DR Selection Design Considerations for Net External Loads Earth and Groundwater Pressure Performance Limits Performance Limits of HDD Installed Pipe Ring Deflection (Ovalization) Installation Design Considerations Pullback Force Tensile Stress During Pullback External Pressure During Installation Bending Stress Thermal Stresses and Strains Torsion Stress Chapter 13 HVAC Applications Introduction Ground Source Heat Pump Systems Types of Ground Heat Exchangers Pipe Specifications and Requirements Pipe Joining Methods Pipe Installation Pressure Testing Ground Heat Exchanger Solar Applications Collector Technologies Vacuum Systems Chapter 14 Duct and Conduit Introduction Conduit Specifications Applications Advantages of PE Conduit Installation Features Material Selection Physical Properties Design Considerations Installation Methods Joining Methods Friction in Conduit Systems Special Applications Bridge Structures download : link