File : pdf, 2.4 MB, 32 pages
by Intelligent Energy Europe Programme

source : leonardo-energy.com

TOC

1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Profitable Solutions Contributing to European Targets
1.2 European Distribution Transformer Characteristics

2 Losses in transformers
2.1 Definition of transformer losses
2.1.1 Extra losses due to harmonics
2.2 Losses in European Distribution Transformers
2.3 Transformer losses standards

3 Cost of losses
3.1 Annual energy losses and cost of these losses
3.2 Life cycle cost of transformers
3.3 Price of a transformer
3.4 Electricity price
3.5 Time value of money – interest rate
3.6 Lifetime
3.7 Loading profile and Load factor
3.8 Other aspects; technical (cos phi, harmonics), operational and environmental (climate change

mitigation, ecodesign)
3.9 Sensitivity analysis

4 Energy-efficient transformers
4.1 Traditional technologies
4.2 Superconducting transformers
4.3 Amorphous transformers

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File : pdf, 1.43 MB, 116 pages

TOC

CHAPTER 1.DEFINITIONS AND RESPONSIBILITIES

Section 1.Air Compressor Plant
1 Components Of An Air Compressor Plant
2 Air Compressor
3 Auxiliary Equipment
4 Controls
5 Cooling Water Treatment
Section 2.Operation And Maintenance Responsibilities
1 Operation
2 Disaster Control
3 Operator Maintenance
4 Preventive Maintenance
5 Breakdown Maintenance
6 Compressed Air System Leaks

CHAPTER 2.POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT COMPRESSORS

Section 1.Reciprocating Compressors
1 Description
2 Safety Precautions
3 Startup
4 Normal Operation
5 Shutdown
6 Operational Preventive Maintenance
7 Preventive Maintenance Inspection
8 Maintenance
Section 2.Rotary Sliding Vane Compressors
1 Description
2 Startup
3 Normal Operation
4 Shutdown
5 Operational Preventive Maintenance
6 Preventive Maintenance Inspection
7 Maintenance
Section 3.Rotary Twin-Lobe Compressors
1 Description
2 Startup
3 Normal Operation
4 Shutdown
5 Operational Preventive Maintenance
6 Preventive Maintenance Inspection
7 Maintenance
Section 4.Rotary Liquid Piston Compressors
1 Description
2 Startup
3 Normal Operation
4 Shutdown
5 Operational Preventive Maintenance
6 Preventive Maintenance Inspection
7 Maintenance

CHAPTER 3.DYNAMIC COMPRESSORS
1 Description
2 Startup
3 Normal Operation
4 Shutdown
5 Operational Preventive Maintenance
6 Preventive Maintenance Inspection
7 Maintenance

CHAPTER 4.AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT
Section 1.Intake Filters
1 Description
2 Inspection
3 Maintenance
Section 2. Silencers
1 Description
2 Inspection And Maintenance
Section 3. Intercoolers And Aftercoolers
1 Description
2 Startup
3 Normal Operation
4 Shutdown
5 Operational Preventive Maintenance
6 Preventive Maintenance Inspection
7 Maintenance
Section 4. Separators
1 Description
2 Operation
3 Preventive Maintenance Inspection
4 Maintenance
Section 5. Traps
1 Description
2 Startup
3 Shutdown
4 Preventive Maintenance Inspection
5 Maintenance
Section 6. Air Receivers
1 Description
2 Normal Operation
3 Preventive Maintenance Inspection
4 Maintenance
Section 7. Dryers
1 Description
2 Types
3 Normal Operation
4 Preventive Maintenance Inspection
5 Maintenance

CHAPTER 5. CONTROLS
Section 1.Prime Mover Controls
1 Description
2 Startup
3 Normal Operation
4 Shutdown
5 Operational Preventive Maintenance
6 Preventive Maintenance Inspection
7 Maintenance
Section 2. Compressor Controls
1 Capacity Control
2 Startup
3 Normal Operation
4 Shutdown
5 Operational Preventive Maintenance
6 Preventive Maintenance Inspection
7 Maintenance

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